2014
Increased profitability for South Dakota soybean growers and breeders using genes and germplasm for enhanced tolerance to environmental stress
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Contributor/Checkoff:
South Dakota Soybean Research and Promotion Council
Category:
Sustainable Production
Keywords:
Biotic stressCrop protectionField management Pest
Parent Project:
Increase profitability for South Dakota soybean growers and breeders using genes for enhanced tolerance to environmental stress
Lead Principal Investigator:
David Clay, South Dakota State University
Co-Principal Investigators:
Sharon Clay, South Dakota State University
Xingyou Gu, South Dakota State University
Wanlong Li, South Dakota State University
Madhav Nepal, South Dakota State University
Jai Rohila, South Dakota State University
Senthil Subramanian, South Dakota State University
+5 More
Project Code:
Contributing Organization (Checkoff):
South Dakota Soybean Research and Promotion Council
(n/a)
Institution Funded:
South Dakota State University
(n/a)
Brief Project Summary:

Dramatic changes in weather and global climate limit crop yields. It is crucial to stay ahead of the curve by identifying novel mechanisms of tolerance, understanding the functions of genes and proteins that confer such tolerance, test and intergress novel genetic resources and utilize microbes to mitigate crop losses due to environmental stresses. Such a combinatorial approach will provide fail-safe tolerance. The proposal has formed a team of experts in different facets of soybean research to achieve the goal of obtaining novel resources (genes, germplasm and microbes) to reduce yield losses and increase profitability for soybean growers in South Dakota.

South Dakota faced record...

Unique Keywords:
#genomics, #glycine soja, #insects and pests, #soybean breeding- stress tolerance, #soybean drought stress
Information And Results
Project Deliverables

Final Project Results

Objective 1:
• A population of 207 recombinant inbred lines (RIL) in the F11 generation was developed from the cross between a wild and a cultivated soybean line.
• This RIL population was evaluated for the resistance to iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) under field conditions for three years. A total of 6 QTLs associated with the resistance to IDC were identified. The QTL alleles that enhance the IDC resistance were derived from both cultivated and wild soybean lines.
• Eleven RILs were selected to cross with a local cultivar to pyramid the IDC-resistance alleles using recurrent backcrossing and marker-assisted selection strategies.
• This RIL population was also evaluated for the resistance to soybean aphids for two years.
• Heritability estimates for the trait is 0.54
• 49 new SSR markers screened and 28 identified to be polymorphic and can be used in marker assisted breeding

Objective 2:
• Specific pathways and ~2000 target genes identified for genetic targeting and identification of novel mechanisms of drought tolerance
• Accumulation of the phytoalexin coumestrol under water stress has been identified as one of the most dramatic changes in metabolites.
• Specific functional markers identified to be used in diagnostic tool development
• Proteomics techniques established to study soybean leaf and seed proteins including the identification of specific proteins associated with drought stress in the leaves
• Ascorbate-glutathione pathways identified as biomarker for drought tolerance in soybean
• Novel mechanism associated with photosynthesis identified in slow-wilting lines
• Genes associated with nodule development, nitrogen fixation and transport with potential for manipulation to enhance N availability during drought stress and/or herbicide injury
• A catalogue of microbes colonizing soybean roots with isolates potentially providing beneficial interactions
• Identification and characterization of soybean signaling proteins (GmMAPKs) that mediate responses to drought stress and nitrogen fixation.

Objective 3:
• Genes and genetic material with altered leaf architecture and stem hair development towards enhanced yields and insect/stress resistance.
• Promoter analyses have identified both known and novel switches that turn on drought-responsive genes.
• Metabolomics, proteomics and transcriptomics reveals that new synthesis of amino acids occurs. These act to protect the plant from dehydration.

The United Soybean Research Retention policy will display final reports with the project once completed but working files will be purged after three years. And financial information after seven years. All pertinent information is in the final report or if you want more information, please contact the project lead at your state soybean organization or principal investigator listed on the project.