The overall goal of this project it to ensure that Ohio soybean growers do not incur yield loss or increases in weed management costs due to waterhemp and Palmer amaranth, thus maintaining profitability and ensuring that weeds do not limit improved yield potential that may come from other new technologies or practices. Overall goals are to increase understanding of these weeds and the strategies needed to prevent and mitigate them, track trends in herbicide resistance, and provide localized resistance information that allows more effective site-specific management.