Many fields in western North Dakota are having issues with pH values below 5.5. When the pH drops below these levels it impacts nutrient availability, activity of bacteria in the soil, and reduce yield from Aluminum toxicity. The best management practice for these situations in no-till is a surface application of lime, however it takes a large amount of product to change soil chemistry to adequate levels. Producers are searching for less costly short-term options, especially for rented land. Work done in Oklahoma and Montana has shown phosphorous applied with the seed in small grains can help growth in acidic environments by tying up the Aluminum. A similar effect has been shown in some studies with application of gypsum, however it needs to be studied further. Some producers in southwestern ND have applied lime directly with the seed. Low levels of lime, phosphorus, and gypsum won't have long term impacts on soil pH; however, it could be an option for getting by on rented ground or while waiting for surface applied lime in no-till systems to remediate the soil over time. A comparison of lime, gypsum, and phosphorous treatments applied with the seed in acidic soil is needed to observe impact on yield and growth in soybean.

1. Evaluate growth and yield differences among treatments

a. Observe plant stand, vigor, height, and yield
b. Use visual scores and measurements to better understand soybean growth in relation to harvested yield
c. Calculate the economic outcome of using different management strategies

2. Increase the knowledge base of soybean practices in southwest North Dakota

a. Create a bulletin on soybean production in southwest North Dakota
b. Host workshops to present data and answer production questions
c. Host in-service training to county extension agents
d. Use social media and other media outlets to distribute information to growers and the general public

Data to assist in management decisions in acidic soils.

Update:

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Soybean acreage continues to spread west into North Dakota. While farmers are adding soybeans into their rotation, there is limited research on soybean production in no-till acidic soils. This research would help to answer a few questions that producers have when considering soybean production. We would be building off of past research and allow us to more confidently consult producers and industry in the region on best management practices.