2020
Control of Soybean Diseases (2020)
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Contributor/Checkoff:
North Dakota Soybean Council
Category:
Sustainable Production
Keywords:
Crop protectionDiseaseField management
Parent Project:
Control of Soybean Diseases
Lead Principal Investigator:
Berlin Nelson, North Dakota State University
Co-Principal Investigators:
Project Code:
QSSB
Contributing Organization (Checkoff):
North Dakota Soybean Council
$58,750
Institution Funded:
North Dakota State University
$58,750
Brief Project Summary:

Seedling and root diseases have been the most common disease problems in soybean production. A goal of this research is to work with the NDSU soybean breeder to incorporate important fungal disease resistance into public soybean germplasm and cultivars and test the material for resistance to those diseases. The other goal is to monitor soybeans for new pathogens and new virulent strains of established pathogens. The emphasis will be to determine the extent of the area with sudden death syndrome and begin searching for sources of SDS resistance in maturity groups for this area.

Key Beneficiaries:
#agronomists, #breeders, #extension specialists, #farmers, #pathologists
Unique Keywords:
#breeding and genetics, #breeding and genetics, #disease resistance, #phytophthora, #root rot, #soybean diseases, #soybean diseases, #sudden death syndrome, #sudden death syndrome
Information And Results
Project Deliverables

1. A peer reviewed scientific report of the occurrence of sudden death syndrome in North Dakota was published.
2. A survey in Richland County did not identify any new fields with SDS symptoms.
3. A greenhouse screening technique to identify resistance in soybean to SDS was developed and is being tested for reliability.

Final Project Results

Update:

View uploaded report Word file

Major objectives of this research were to screen NDSU soybean breeding lines for resistance to major diseases and monitor soybean fields for new pathogens that can cause serious yield losses. In cooperation with Dr. Helms, the soybean breeder, we screened about 100 advanced breeding lines for resistance to Phytophthora sojae race 4 or race 3. Over 60% of the NDSU lines were resistant to these races. One breeding line resistant to race 3 was released in 2020 by Dr. Helms as ND Dickey. Phytophthora root rot is a major disease in the Red River Valley and resistance is the primary way to prevent serious losses. In other research on Phytophthora root rot, we demonstrated the changes in races over the past 25 years of soybean production in North Dakota, and how those changes impact the use of resistance genes available for managing this disease.

In August of 2019, we surveyed a 225 square mile area in Richland County, around where sudden death syndrome (SDS) was first observed in fields in 2018. SDS is caused by the soil borne fungus Fusarium virguliforme. Although numerous soybean fields were examined, no fields with classic symptoms of SDS were observed. Even one field with SDS in 2018 was planted to soybean in 2019, but there was no evidence of SDS. Environment is a very important factor in development of SDS foliar symptoms and apparently it may not have been conducive to development of foliar symptoms in 2019. SDS will spread and eventually growers may need resistant varieties to manage this disease. Greenhouse and field experiments were initiated to develop methods to work with the SDS pathogen and to begin identifying sources of SDS resistance in maturity groups for this area. There are sources of resistance that can be used in the future development of resistant germplasm and varieties for North Dakota.

Further studies on Fusarium root rot were conducted to determine if presence of soybean cyst nematode in the soil increases root rot. In field trials, co-inoculation of two Fusarium spp. with the nematode significantly increased root rot severity at a nematode population of 17 eggs/ml soil. The results indicated that the presence of soybean cyst nematode can increase severity of root rot caused by F. solani and F. tricinctum and egg level in the soil is an important factor in the interaction of the nematode with these Fusarium root rot pathogens.

The United Soybean Research Retention policy will display final reports with the project once completed but working files will be purged after three years. And financial information after seven years. All pertinent information is in the final report or if you want more information, please contact the project lead at your state soybean organization or principal investigator listed on the project.