Based upon empirical evidence with the use of drought-tolerant inoculants, an increase of soybean production and yield (e.g., ca. 20-30%) can be expected under drought stress conditions. Not only will evaluating and isolating drought-tolerant inoculants provide positive effects on soybean profitability, but also aid Mid-South producers in better understanding the potential benefits for biological nitrogen fixation. Soybean farmers in the Mid-South will have experience and knowledge in the practical and optimal use of inoculants and the use of more efficient strains could improve yield. Our plan to optimize drought-tolerant rhizobia and determine the economic return will provide farmers with...