2012
Influence of farming system contribution to best management practices for improving soybean grain yield, soil carbon levels, pest management control and profitability
Category:
Sustainable Production
Keywords:
Field management Nutrient managementSoil healthTillageYield trials
Lead Principal Investigator:
Howard Woodard, South Dakota State University
Co-Principal Investigators:
Bob Berg, South Dakota State University
Anthony Bly, South Dakota State University
Ron Gelderman, South Dakota State University
Allen Heuer, South Dakota State University
Carol Johnston, South Dakota State University
Michael Moechnig, South Dakota State University
Cuirong Ren, South Dakota State University
John Rickertson, South Dakota State University
Jerry Warmann, South Dakota State University
+8 More
Project Code:
Contributing Organization (Checkoff):
Institution Funded:
Brief Project Summary:

Three sites will be selected across eastern South Dakota to measure soybean yield response, carbon storage, pest control and economic benefits of various farming systems in a five-year study. Farming system combinations will compare tillage vs. no-till systems, along with residue removal vs. residue retained systems and all combinations of these two main effects. Soil testing will measure long-term changes in soil carbon storage and rates of nutrient depletion in various system combinations. Grain yields will demonstrate the effectiveness of maintaining economic yields despite some aspects of the main treatments which may reduce yields at the expense of increasing soil carbon.

Unique Keywords:
#best management practices, #carbon sequestration, #crop management systems, #soybean production management
Information And Results
Project Deliverables

With the support of the SDSRPC funding and the USB/ARS funding, significant progress has been achieved for FY2013. The major activities and accomplishments include:
? 175 new crosses made and same number of F1 hybrids planted in greenhouse to produce F2 populations
? Hundreds of breeding populations (F2 thru F5) planted and evaluated in the field
? 44 lines entered in regional UT, UPT, QT, and/or SD CPT trials
? PYT, AYT and some special trails/experiments performed in multiple locations (Brookings, Aurora, Volga, Watertown, Bristol, Iroquois, and/or Beresford)
? Over 300 PIs and lines introduced and evaluated for aphid resistance in the greenhouse
? 2 new varieties released officially:
? Roberts or SD03-2154 (Surge x A96-492041): High-yielding and good quality; conventional line with resistance to Phytophthora rot (Rps 1k gene), RM 0.7-0.8.
? Codington or SD04CV-611 (Surge x A96-591033: High-yielding, high-quality and large-seeded conventional line, RM 0.9-1.0.
? 2 manuscript published in the peer-reviewed journals, and 4 manuscripts submitted for publication (still under review)

Final Project Results

Since the administration has decided to close the soybean breeding program, the breeding project could not continue accordingly. Therefore, herewith reported is a brief summary of the major accomplishments on the project since July of 2010, serving as a final report ahead of time.
Concurrently supported in part by the grants of SDSRPC, United Soybean Board and/or USDAARS, significant accomplishments have been made for the past three years (FY2011-2013):
1) Three new varieties have been released:
? Brookings (2012), RM 1.7, high-yielding, good -quality and disease-resistant.
? Roberts (2013), RM 0.7-0.8, high-yielding, good -quality and disease-resistant.
? Codington (2013), RM 0.9-1.0, high-yielding, high-quality, large-seeded and soy food merit.
The three varieties are all non-transgenic and well-adapted.
2) Four elite germplasm lines (non-transgenic) have been released:
? SD00-1500 (2011), MG 0, high-protein and good-yielding.
? SD05-767 (2011), MG 0, low-linolenic and good yielding.
? SD06-322 (2012), MG 0, high-oil and high-yielding.
? SD06-525 (2012), MG 0, Phytophthora-resistant and good-yielding. Hundreds of new crosses, breeding populating, and lines have been developed, many of them being integrated with unique traits and/or trait combinations, such as high-yielding, high-oil, high-protein, high-oleic, low-linolenic, and/or disease/pest resistance (soybean aphid, SCN, Phytophthora rot, etc.) as well as drought tolerance.
4) Over 650 germplasm lines (PIs) have been introduced and well or preliminarily evaluated for aphid resistance. Several new aphid-resistant germplasm lines, including the highly resistant line PI 603712, have been identified. The research is still in progress.
5) The inheritance of aphid-resistance in two germplasm lines (PIs) have been studied or initially studied. Our data indicate that the resistance in PI 603432B is controlled by a single dominant gene, most likely Rag2. The research is still in progress.
6) A few recombinant inbred populations have been developed and evaluated for yield, oil, protein and fatty acids in multiple environments, and genotyped using molecular markers. QTL mapping and marker analysis have been conducted and still in progress.
7) Over ten new QTLs for fatty acids have been identified.
8) The relationship or correlation between yield, protein and oil has been analyzed at both statistical and molecular-marker levels. Some QTLs or regions have been identified to be closely linked or pleiotropic for the three traits.
9) Over 320 germplasm lines (PIs) have been evaluated for the biochemical profiles of nutritional traits as well as agronomic characteristics. An association mapping has been initiated and still in progress, to identify the QTLs associated with the traits and provide underlying knowledge of genetic improvement in soybean.
10) Three papers have been published in peer-reviewed journals, and four manuscripts have been submitted to peer-reviewed journals and are still under review. More manuscripts are to be prepared for publication later.
11) Approximately ten posters and/or oral presentations have been presented at professional meetings.
12) The new lines/varieties developed have been requested by and/or distributed to at least twelve outside soybean breeding/research programs (both public sectors and private seeds companies) for use in their soybean breeding/research.

The United Soybean Research Retention policy will display final reports with the project once completed but working files will be purged after three years. And financial information after seven years. All pertinent information is in the final report or if you want more information, please contact the project lead at your state soybean organization or principal investigator listed on the project.