The success of this project can be measured by the development of the number of near-isogenic lines for the target QTL regions and used for fine-mapping and map-based cloning. A subset of candidate genes will be identified and characterized for their functions. Additionally, specific gene-based genetic markers will be developed and efficiently employed for the development of new SCN resistance germplasm or cultivars. Moreover, the success can be also measured by the number of soybean breeding lines or germplasm with improved resistance level that will be employed for soybean breeding programs throughout the US.